使用yum update更新MariaDB后，启动MariaDB出错，提示：
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB 10.8.5 database server…
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain mariadbd[22402]: 2022-10-06 17:39:48 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd (server 10.8.5-MariaDB-log) starting as process 22402 …
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain mariadbd[22402]: 2022-10-06 17:39:48 0 [Warning] Can't create test file /home/data/mysql/localhost.lower-test
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain mariadbd[22402]: [98B blob data]
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain mariadbd[22402]: 2022-10-06 17:39:48 0 [ERROR] Aborting
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB 10.8.5 database server.
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
Oct 06 17:39:48 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.
以为是文件夹权限问题，把mysql文件夹设置为mysql用户与组，且给了777读写权限：
chmod -R 777 /home/data/mysql/
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql/依旧报同样错误。于是搜了下，遇到此问题的朋友比较多，也直接给出了解决方法。
高版本的MariaDB、mysql默认拒绝了对/home、/root、/run/user的访问，需要在/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service或/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service文件中，将ProtectHome=true
修改为ProtectHome=false
然后
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mariadb正常，解决问题。